纳/微米弹流油膜厚度测量系统

介绍了1种基于多光束干涉强度的弹流油膜厚度测量系统,包括其测量原理和测量系统的设计与组成.针对光弹流接触副,给出了简单易行的干涉级次判定方法.结果表明,该测量系统具有纳米量级的分辨率,可实现由纳米膜厚到微米膜厚的连续测量,适用于超薄弹流油膜厚度和微米级弹流油膜局部微小变化的研究.测量结果与已有的理论和研究结果吻合,证明了测量系统的可靠性.     

MECHANISM AND CATASTROPHE THEORY ANALYSIS OF CIRCULAR TUNNEL ROCKBURST

Mechanism of circular tunnel rockburst is that, when the carrying capacity of the centralized zone of plastic deformation in limiting state reduces, the comparatively intact part in rock mass unloads by way of elasticity; rockburst occurs immediately when the elastic energy released by the comparatively intact part exceeds the energy dissipated by plastic deformation. The equivalent strain was taken as a state variable to establish a catastrophe model of tunnel rockburst, and the computation expression of the earthquake energy released by tunnel rockburst was given. The analysis shows that, the conditions of rockburst occurrence are relative to rock's ratio of elastic modulus to descendent modulus and crack growth degree of rocks; to rock mass with specific rockburst tendency, there exists a corresponding critical depth of softened zone, and rockburst occurs when the depth of softened zone reaches.     

线接触弹性流体动力润滑的供油条件分析

以油膜起始位置为参数,求出了等温线接触弹性流体动力润滑问题的完全数值解.通过流量分析,建立了有效供油膜厚与油膜起始位置之间的关系.结果表明,弹性流体动力润滑的供油方式可划分为过量供油、适量供油和乏油3种类型.在过量供油条件下大部分润滑油不能进入接触区,因而并不能改善润滑状态.在适量供油条件下所有润滑油均可通过接触区并能够获得最大的油膜厚度.在乏油条件下所有的润滑油也均可以通过接触区,而油膜厚度则完全由供油量确定.同时,数值结果也指出,只要运动表面存有数量级为1 μm厚的一层油液就足以满足适量供油条件而得到最佳的润滑效果.     

Effects of Rashba spin–orbit coupling interface on the orientation-dependent conductance in ferromagnet/spin-triplet superconductor junction

We study theoretically the tunneling charge conductance in ferromagnet/spin-triplet superconductor junction with the spin–orbit coupling interface. It is shown the symmetry of the conductance about the relative angle between the magnetization in ferromagnet and the d-vector in superconductor is broken due to the presence of the interfacial Rashba spin–orbit coupling. We present the conductance for various cases of the angle. For each angle, the spin-active mechanism provided by the interface is investigated. The interface effects for different spin polarization in the ferromagnet is also considered.     

Dynamic impedances and free-field vibration analysis of pile groups in saturated ground

A three-dimensional (3D) numerical model basing on the thin layer element method and the flexible volume method was established for the computation of dynamic impedances and free-field vibrations of rigidly-capped pile groups embedded in saturated ground. The piles were considered as beams and the saturated ground was represented by Biot?s three-dimensional elastodynamic theory. By recourse to the thin layer element method, Green function of the three dimensional saturated ground was obtained and then verified. The dynamic interaction of the piles and the saturated ground was solved by using the flexible volume method, in which the piles were discretized into three dimensional Euler−Bernoulli beam elements and the dynamic stiffness matrix of saturated ground was formed at the pile−soil interaction nodes by using the Green function. Impedances of the 2×2 pile group and free-field displacement and pore pressure responses caused by harmonic vertical, lateral and rocking forces (moments) applied at the cap center were presented, respectively, for different soil permeability and excitation frequencies. It is found that the soil permeability and the excitation frequency have significant influence on the impedances and the free-field vibration responses.     

Experimental verification of nanoparticle jet minimum quantity lubrication effectiveness in grinding

In our experiment, K-P36 precision numerical control surface grinder was used for dry grinding, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) grinding, nanoparticle jet MQL grinding, and traditional flood grinding of hardened 45 steel. A three-dimensional dynamometer was used to measure grinding force in the experiment. In this research, experiments were conducted to measure and calculate specific tangential grinding force, frictional coefficient, and specific grinding energy, thus verifying the lubrication performance of nanoparticles in surface grinding. Findings present that compared with dry grinding, the specific tangential grinding force of MQL grinding, nanoparticle jet MQL grinding, and flood grinding decreased by 45.88, 62.34, and 69.33 %, respectively. Their frictional coefficient was reduced by 11.22, 29.21, and 32.18 %, and the specific grinding energy declined by 45.89, 62.34, and 69.45 %, respectively. Nanoparticle jet MQL presented ideal lubrication effectiveness, which was attributed to the friction oil film with strong antifriction and anti-wear features formed by nanoparticles on the grinding wheel/workpiece interface. Moreover, lubricating properties of nanoparticles of the same size (50 nm) but different types were verified through experimentation. In our experiment, ZrO₂ nanoparticles, polycrystal diamond (PCD) nanoparticles, and MoS₂ nanoparticles were used in the comparison of nanoparticle jet MQL grinding. The experimental results manifest that MoS₂ nanoparticles exhibited the optimal lubricating effectiveness, followed by PCD nanoparticles. Our research also integrated the properties of different nanoparticles to analyze the lubrication mechanisms of different nanoparticles. The experiment further verified the impact of nanoparticle concentration on the effectiveness of nanoparticle jet MQL in grinding. The experimental results demonstrate that when the nanoparticle mass fraction was 6 %, the minimum specific tangential grinding force, frictional coefficient, and specific grinding energy were 1.285 N/mm, 0.382, and 57.825 J/mm³, respectively. When nanoparticle mass fraction was smaller than 6 %, lubrication effects of nanoparticle jet MQL increased with the rising nanoparticle mass fraction. When nanoparticle mass fraction was larger than 6 %, lubrication effects of nanoparticle jet MQL decreased with the rising nanoparticle mass fraction.     

Effect of Surfactant Addition on the Structure of Silver Aggregates Produced by Galvanic Cell Reaction and Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Surfaces

The effect of cationic or anionic surfactant on the structure of the silver particles produced by galvanic cell reaction is studied. In the absence of any surfactant, both spherical and spindle-like Ag particles are produced, which exhibit binary structures with both micro- and nanoscale characteristics. Addition of cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in the reaction solution results in the formation of spherical Ag particles with much smaller sizes. While anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) results in the spindle-like Ag particles. Moreover, the rough Ag surfaces can be easily fabricated by direct deposition of the Ag aggregates onto the silicon surface from solution. After further chemisorption of a self-assembled monolayer of n-dodecanethiol, the Ag aggregates exhibit superhydrophobic properties.     

判定二阶线性矩阵微分系统振动性的新准则

利用一个线性变换给出了二阶矩陈微分系统(P(t)X′(t))′+Q(t)X(t)=0 t∈[t_0,∞)的振动性的新的判定准则,从而推广和改进了前人的结论.     

Efficient femtosecond Yb:YAG laser pumped by a single-mode laser diode

Single-mode diodes enable a particularly simple, compact and effective pumping of solid-state laser devices for many specialized applications. We investigated a single-mode, 300-mW laser diode for pumping at 935 nm a Yb:YAG laser passively mode-locked by a semiconductor saturable absorber. Relatively short pulse generation (156 fs), tunable across 1033–1059 nm has been demonstrated. An optical-to-optical efficiency of about 28% has been obtained with 320 fs long pulses. Therefore, contrarily to what previously believed, compact diode-pumped ultrafast Yb:YAG oscillators can reliably and efficiently deliver pulses in the range of ≈ 100–200 fs with few tens of mW, which are very appealing for bio-diagnostics and amplifier seeding applications.     

KBH_4/HCHO双还原剂制备纳米铜粒子

以硼氢化钾和甲醛为还原剂,采用双还原剂还原法制备了铜粒子。探讨了双还原剂还原法的机理以及影响纳米铜粒子生成的主要因素,利用XRD、TEM和激光颗粒测量仪对反应产物进行了表征。结果显示,反应产物为单质铜粒子,形貌呈球形,粒径主要分布在15-40nm;SDS和PVP的配合使用可有效防止纳米铜粒子团聚。